La Décima Enmienda
Texto explicado
El gobierno federal solo tiene los poderes que le son delegados en la Constitución. Todos los poderes que la Constitución no otorga al gobierno federal pertenecen a los estados o al pueblo.
Contexto histórico
Los forjadores estaban preocupados por equilibrar el orden con la libertad. Una forma en que esperaban hacer esto era mediante la distribución de poderes entre las tres ramas del gobierno federal y también entre el gobierno federal y los estados. A esto se le conoce como federalismo. Los forjadores buscaban mantener un equilibrio de poder entre el gobierno federal y los estados y así evitar que uno se volviera demasiado dominante a expensas del otro. La Décima Enmienda se agregó para aclarar que la autoridad del gobierno federal está restringida a los poderes específicamente enumerados en la Constitución.
Ve el vídeo y responde a las siguientes preguntas.
| Acceso por el teclado | Acción |
|---|---|
| Espacio | Pausa/Reproducir el video |
| Ingresar | Pausa/Reproducir el video |
| m | Silenciar/Activar sonido en el video |
| Flecha hacia arriba y flecha hacia abajo | Subir y bajar el volumen 10% |
| Flecha hacia la derecha y flecha hacia la izquierda | Adelantar o retroceder 5 segundos |
| 0-9 | Adelantar rápidamente x% del video. |
| f | Entrar o salir del modo de pantalla completa. (Nota: Para salir del modo de pantalla completa en flash presiona la tecla Esc. |
| c | Presione c para activar o desactivar los subtítulos |
NARRATOR: The framers of the U.S. Constitution sought to create a system that divided power between the government of the U.S. and the governments of individual states. The national government has certain powers defined by the U.S. Constitution that states do not have, such as the powers to declare war, coin money, and regulate international trade. Other powers belong exclusively to the states. These reserve powers include conducting elections, issuing marriage and drivers licenses, ratifying amendments to the U.S. Constitution, and establishing local governments for cities and counties. There are also shared powers between state and federal governments, including the power to collect taxes, maintain law and order, and build highways.
And the layers don't stop there. Government powers extend to cities and counties within a state. In Georgia, there are 159 counties and over 530 cities, also known as municipalities, within these counties. Counties serve several purposes, such as providing courts of law, holding elections, building and repairing county roads, and providing services like police and fire protection, libraries, schools, and public transportation.
Within those counties are cities which vary in power. Generally, a city holds the power to maintain law enforcement, collect taxes, and provide water and trash services. These local forms of government are important because they have a more direct interest in what's going on in their immediate community. If you've been counting, that's a total of four territorial divisions of government. So how do they apply to the citizens of the United States?
Imagine the tiered levels of government as a Russian nesting doll with you in the center as the smallest doll. The second smallest doll is city government, and all the laws in that city apply to you. The county level government falls over the city government and you. All the laws and regulations set forth by the county apply to the city and to you. But the city laws don't necessarily apply to the entire county because there can be multiple cities within a county. The state government doll covers all of the counties, cities, and people in the state. A law passed at a state level cannot be overridden by a local government. Finally, you have the largest doll, the federal government. The federal government reigns supreme, literally.
Toma notas
