La construcción de la coalición del Partido Pantera Negra
En febrero de 1969, Fred Hampton se reunió con Cha Cha Jiménez y acordaron formar la Coalición Arcoíris, una alianza antirracista, multiétnica y de clase trabajadora. Jiménez se refirió a la organización como el “ejército de los pobres.”
Para ampliar la coalición, el líder del Partido Pantera Negra, Bobby Lee, se acercó a los Jóvenes Patriotas. A pesar de sus diferencias raciales y étnicas, Lee enfatizó la opresión y el abandono que experimentaban tanto los Jóvenes Patriotas en el Lado Norte de Chicago como los afroamericanos en el Lado Oeste. Como resultado de esta reunión, los Jóvenes Patriotas se unieron a la Coalición Arcoíris.
Ve el vídeo para ver momentos de la reunión y entrevistas a los asistentes.
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HENRY “POISON” GADDIS, Black Panther Party: One day, Bob Lee said, "Hey, man, "I want you to... "take a ride with me tonight. We gotta go to this place called Uptown. I need you to be my security man.”
COMMENTATOR: They were poor, man. Well, I'm talking about a slum. You could smell it. See, you could smell a slum.
GADDIS: We all went to this, uh, community meeting with the joint organization.
BOBBY LEE, Black Panther leader: Panthers are here. Are here. Panthers are here. I am. - For Uptown. - Okay. - We come here with our hearts open, you cats supervise us, where we can be of help to you. What do you want in your community? What do you want here? Are you afraid of... you want us to take the berets off now, or—or what, man?
COMMENTATOR, meeting attendee: There were a lot of suspicions about the Black Panthers, that they were gun-carrying terrorists.
GADDIS: It was a scenario that I had never been in before. I see some guys with Confederate flag patches. I was a little concerned.
LEE: The thing we're going to deal with is concept of poverty, man. We've got to erase the color thing, see.
MEETING ATTENDEE: Buildings not fit for dogs to live in, but humans having to pay $144 a month for the thing, they sold-- they sell the building out to new ownership. What we need is understanding among the people. Coalition between the people to stick together and take them owners and put them over here in the lake somewhere.
LEE: Right on. (applause) Once you realize, man, that your house is funky with rats and roaches, you know, same way a Black dude's house is, you know. Once you realize that your brother's been brutalized by the cops, the same way the West Side and South Side is. Once you realize that you are paying taxes... Taxes for the cops to whoop your ass. You're paying them. (group agreeing) And you're paying them to kill you and deal from there. The same things happen on the South Side…
COMMENTATOR, meeting attendee: Bobby Lee turned out to be quite an organizer. And he says, "Yeah, my name is Bobby Lee, but my real name is Robert E. Lee." (chuckles) And we all laughed. We said, "You gotta be kidding me."
LEE: Who, who's here and wants to see this thing move?
MEETING ATTENDEES: Yeah, man. (group agreeing)
LEE: Right on. Well, the first thing we talk about now is how we gonna organize. You know, where are we gonna organize?
MEETING ATTENDEE: And you know, we're all gonna get run out of here eventually.
COMMENTATOR, meeting attendee: That was a good meeting. It was. It got everybody... it got everybody riled up. It was a good start to a coalition.
BOBBY RUSH, Black Panther Party: We worked very, very hard in the Uptown community. It was two weeks. We went there every day, every night.
COMMENTATOR: (clapping, indistinct talking) Here's a white community asking for help from the Black Panther Party, man. I knew that this was serious.
El Partido Pantera Negra, los Young Lords y los Jóvenes Patriotas a menudo se apoyaban mutuamente en su activismo, proporcionando seguridad y respaldo a las protestas. Por ejemplo, cuando un grupo organizaba una manifestación, los demás se manifestaban en solidaridad. Sus esfuerzos colectivos condujeron a resultados tangibles. Aprovechando la red establecida de clínicas de salud gratuitas del Partido Pantera Negra en el Lado Oeste, los grupos trabajaron juntos para abrir clínicas en Lincoln Park y Uptown. Con la ayuda de Hampton, los Jóvenes Patriotas lanzaron su propia clínica de salud gratuita en 1969. Además, los tres grupos colaboraron para asegurar la representación legal de las personas que eran blanco de los terratenientes corruptos y trabajaron para combatir el redlining, con los Young Lords y los Panteras Negras, enfrentándose específicamente a grupos italianos e irlandeses que estaban aplicando prácticas discriminatorias a nivel de la calle.
