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In the summer of 1964, reports of a North Vietnamese attack on U.S. ships in the Gulf of Tonkin led to President Johnson’s decision to increase U.S. involvement in Vietnam. Although Johnson had campaigned as a peace candidate, his decision to undertake military action in reaction to the incident had a powerful impact on the country and his legacy.
Watch this video from the American Experience program, "1964." As you watch, recall the questions that Steve posed. Also consider the following, and take notes on anything of interest to you:
- How did the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution affect American politics in 1964 and beyond? Why is it now viewed as a turning point?
- Lyndon Johnson ran as a “peace” candidate in 1964. What were the views of his opponent, Barry Goldwater, on the war in Vietnam? What did Johnson’s supporters expect him to do about U.S. involvement in Vietnam? How did those expectations change after the election?
- The video shows the headline in the Washington Post as “Reds’ Torpedo Vessels.” The headline in the Chicago Tribune was: “Red Viets Fire on U.S. Ship.” How was the “Red” label used to justify U.S. actions in Vietnam?
- Did you learn anything new or suprising from this video? What questions does it raise for you?
