In the dynamic world of geology, the rocky foundation of our planet is always changing. Heat, pressure, wind, water and more are shaping and reshaping the solid surface of Earth. Watch this animation to find out more about the rock cycle. Then answer the questions in the Take Notes box below.
Need help? You might want to check the definitions of specific vocabulary terms. In addition to the terms rock, igneous rock, metamorphic rock, sediment, and sedimentantary rock, which were described in the previous animation, the terms rock cycle, weathering, and erosion will be introduced. You may pause the animation, rewatch it as many times as you like, and read the transcript.
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The rock of our lithosphere is being built up, broken down, and built up again through a process we call the rock cycle. But this “cycle” isn’t really a cycle at all. It’s more of a complex web of dynamic interactions powered by forces that keep it in a constant state of change.
Underground, heat and pressure run the show. Rock can be formed from cooling and crystallizing magma or lava (igneous). Rock can be transformed by heat & pressure (metamorphic). Rock is also moved by uplifting and subduction, the latter of which can also deconstruct rock by melting back into the mantle.
Once near the surface, wind, water and ice take up the reins. Rock breaks down by weathering. Sediments move by erosion. And rock is formed as it deposits and compacts over time (sedimentary). If it makes it back underground intact, heat & pressure can sweep our rock into another “choose your own” adventure.
There are many paths a rock can take. It is how the nonliving geosphere of our Earth is constantly reinventing itself. So set your watch to geological speed, sit back, and watch the rock show.
Answer the following questions in the Notes Box, below: