You learned in the video that thermal energy causes molecules to move faster, and that faster moving molecules are hotter than slower moving molecules. When you put two things together, like hot tea in a cold mug, the molecules move that energy around until they come to the same temperature – or thermal equilibrium. Let's review some other vocabulary terms that are essential to understanding this lesson. After you've done this, complete the table below.
Atom: The basic building block for all matter
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Conduction: Transfer of energy from the collisions of molecules in two objects that are touching.
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Convection: Transfer of energy in liquids and gases when hotter fluids rise and cooler fluids sink.
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Matter: Any physical substance that takes up space and has mass.
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Molecule: Two or more atoms that are attached together.
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Particle: A minute, or tiny, portion of matter.
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Phase of Matter: The state (solid, liquid or gas) in which matter exists.
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Thermal Energy: Energy related to the motion of atoms and molecules; also called "heat" and "heat energy."
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c | Press c to toggle captions on or off |
Thermal Equilibrium: When two substances are at the same temperature.
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Thermal Radiation: The transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves, aka light.
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c | Press c to toggle captions on or off |
Conduction, convection and thermal radiation all transfer energy in different ways. Answer the following questions in the note box, below:
1) What is the difference between conduction and convection?
2) What is the difference between conduction and thermal radiation?
3) What is the difference between convection and thermal radiation?